Spinning and twisting frame



(No Model.) A 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. D. MARTIN & J. P. TOLMAN.

SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME.

No. 566,204. Patented Aug. 18, 1896.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

H. D. MARTIN & J. P. TOLMAN SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME.

No. 566,204. Patented Aug. 18, 1896.

qNaLwuumlmuf mm (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 H. D. MARTIN & J. P.TOLMAN. SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME.

No. 566,204. Patented Aug. 18, 1896.

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UNITE STATES ATENT Prion,

HENRY D. MARTIN, OF SHIRLEY, AND JAMES P. TOLMAN, OF NEWTON,MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE SAMSON CORDAGE \VORKS, OF

BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 566,204, dated August18, 1896.

Application filed July 15, 1895. Serial No. 555,968. (No model.)

To (LIZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HENRY D. MARTIN, residing at Shirley, and JAMES P.TOLMAN, residing at Newton, in the county of Middlesex, State ofMassachusetts, citizens of the United States, have invented a new anduseful. Improvement in Spinning and Twisting Frames, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, inexplaining its nature.

The invention relates especially to means in a spinning or twistingframe for breaking back the yarn or roving delivered to the feed ordrawing rolls when the thread shall be absent from or loose in thethread-guide in front of such rolls. It is desirable upon the breakingof a thread in front of the feed or drawing rolls or the breaking of atraveler or for any other reason which shall produce loose or slackthread in front of the rolls to immediately stop or prevent the furtherfeedin g of the thread, yarn, or roving. This can be done by breakingthe thread, yarn, or rovin g back of the rolls, and then only the threador yarn thatis in the rolls can be delivered to the spindle, and thiswill cause no delay to the operation of the machine, Whereas if it isnot so broken serious inconvenience and delay often result, the threadwinding on some revolving part which requires to be freed from it beforethe spinning thereof can again be started or causing some other delay,and this also results in considerable waste of thread.

Various attempts have been made to break the yarn or roving back of thefeed-rolls, but so far as we are aware they have not been practical forone reason or another. In most of the devices heretofore proposed forthis purpose the breaker has not been well attached, located, orconstructed, and has been operated by an independent lever taking itssupport upon the thread and requiring to be set anew every time thethread is pieced up. This involves such a multiplication of parts in theapparatus and so much inconvenience in its operation that no such devicehas come into general use and at the present time it is not customary touse any roving-breaker whatever. In inventions of this character it isdesirable that few parts be used, that they be simple to make, and thatthey be arranged so that they may be easily attached to machines whichare in use as well as to new machines,and that they be accessible whenupon the machine and that they do not interfere with other working partsof the machine; and we therefore utilize as one part of our device thethread-guide, through which the thread from the feed-rolls passes to thebobbin or spinning device, and the rod which forms a portion of thecap-bar stand of the frame to which the breaker is detachably secured,is utilized to form not only the support for one member of the breaker,but to also serve as one of the jaws or active parts of the breaker. Thegate or movable part of the breaker preferably is arranged upon a pivotover the rod to have a swinging upward and downward movement in relationto it, and it is held open or away from the rod by the tension of thethread passing through the thread-guide, but on the release of suchtension by the breaking or slacking of the thread it is caused to beclosed or shut upon the yarn or roving which passes over the rod by anoverbalancing-weight or other similar means, and if the feed or drawingrolls are So then in action the yarn or roving is immediately broken. Touse the thread-guide for the purposes of our invention,we form it uponthe front end of an adjustable lever, the rear end of which is connectedwith the breaking mechanism, and the relation of the parts is such thatthe action of the breaker is automatic, setting itself whenever theusual tension comes upon the thread in front of the feed-roll andallowing the stopping and starting of the machine for doffing withoutinterfering with it or requiring that any attention be paid to it.

We will now describe the invention more in detail in connection with thedrawings.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View in vertical section and elevation ofenough of a spinning or twisting frame to illustrate the features of ourinvention. Fig. 2 is a View,

enlarged, in vertical section and elevation, [00

iii

showing our improved mechanism in two positions in relation to thedrawing-rolls, yarn, thread, and bobbin. Fig. 3 is a view in plan,enlarged, of the mechanism represented in Fig. 2.

In the drawings, A A A A represent yarn or roving holding bobbins fromwhich the yarn or roving is delivered to the drawing or feed rolls B,which are of the usual number and construction and are mounted andoperated in the usual manner customary to this type of machine.

O is the thread-guide, and D is the spindle upon which the thread iswound. The threadguide is an eye at the forward end of a lever c,pivoted above the bed O, to which the rollstand is secured at c to anadjustable plate 0 the pivotal point preferably being back of the baseof the roller-stand, whereby long leverage is given its forward part,the Value of which will be seen later. The plate 0 is horizontallyadjustable upon the bed 0 backward and forward in relation to the frontedge of the bed by means of slots 0 formed therein, and screws 0 whichextend through the slots into the bed. By loosening the screws the platecan be set forward or back, and then by the tightening of the screws befastened in its new position. This adjustment serves to locate the eye Olongitudinally centrally over the spindle d.

To prevent lateral movement of the eye, we use a centering device, whichwill hereinafter be described.

The pivot of the lever c is formed by bending it at a right angle to itsmain length, (see Fig. 3,) and it is then further bent to form theextension 0 at an obtuse angle to the portion 0, at the end of whichextension it is again bent to form a loop 0 and from one end of thisloop projects forward the end 0 which is provided with a screw-thread 0upon which a weight c preferably circular in shape, screws, the threadedhole in the weight being eccentric, so that the weight will not have atendency to change its position upon the thread or work off it. Thisthreaded end of the rod extends forward toward the front of the machineand holds the weight in a position where it can easily be reached orturned from the front of the machine, and it also holds the weight in adesirable position in relation to the pivotal point e of the lever. Theloop 0 receives the eye 6 at the end of a link 6, which connects thelever c with the movable section or gate E of the breaker, the upper endof the link being bent down ward and forward and engaging by a shortlaterally-extendin g stud an ear e projecting from the back or upperside of the gate and preferably integral therewith. The breaker has inaddition to the movable section or gate E, which is hinged or pivoted tothe rod 6 the upper surface f of the rod F, preferably forming a portionof the cap-bar stand of the frame, which forms a stationary jaw. Thisrod F also serves to support the member E of the breaker, the memberbeing secured thereto by means of an arm or bracket G, having at itslower end an extension gin the nature of a yoke, which partiallysurrounds the rod and through the lower end of which extends a screw 9,which is adapted to be screwed hard against the rod to clamp the arm orbracket G rigidly to it, the arm having within the yoke a circularbearing 9 to rest on the rod F beyond a line drawn through the center ofthe rod from the clamping-screw. This bracket G has a hole at its upperend through which the rod 6 which forms the gate-pivot, extends. It willbe understood of course that this rod c may be supported by as manybrackets or arms G as may be desired to give it suitable firmness, andthat it may receive as many movable gates or members of as manyindependent breakers as may be desirable.

It will be seen that each of the brackets G is common to twobreaker-plates in the form of my device illustrated in the drawings, or,in other words, form the sole means whereby two breaker-plates areattached or secured to the rod F, and this result is obtained byextending the pivot or rod e, carried by the bracket, from each sidethereof sufficiently to hold a breaker-plate on each side. Thissimplifies and cheapens the construction and the application of thebreakers to the machine.

The movable member E of the breaker may be pivoted or hinged directly tothe pivot or rod 6 or it may be secured byan intermediate hinged piecein a manner to permit its breaking edge e to be adjusted or moved inwardor outward in relation thereto to compensate for wear and also to bringit into proper relation with the stationary surface f of the othermember of the breaker, and this adjustment is represented as obtained byforming in the section E the elongated recesses or slots a, throughwhich clamping-screws e extend, securin g it to the hinged plate 6 whichconnects the member with the pivot or rod, the screws and slots orrecesses affording means for the adjustment of the member.

It will be understood that the roving or yarn passes over the surface fof the rod F from the bobbin to the guide or tunnel H, and from thenceto the drawing or feeding rolls, and that the rod F is behind the tunneland close to it.

It will also be understood that normally the movable member E of thebreaker is held in an elevated or raised position away from the rod F orits surface f, so that there is a relatively wide space for the passageof the yarn or roving between the two members. In case, however, thethread in front of the rolls is broken or becomes slack the lever c isno longer held in the horizontal position shown in Fig. 2, but beingfreed from the tension of the thread is released and permits theoverbalancing-weight c to lift it to the inclined position representedin Fig. 2 and at the same time the movable member E of the breaker IIOto be closed against the surface f of the stationary member, therebyshutting upon the roving or yarn which is beneath the edge e and tightlybinding or clamping it against the surface f, so that the movement ofthe roving or yarn back of the breaker is immediately stopped and thecontinued draft of the rolls in front of the breaker upon the yarn orroving causes it to break. It is essential for the proper working ofthis breaker that the working edge e of the movable member should besomewhat eccentric to a line drawn between the center of the rod F andthe pivot 6 Otherwise the proper clamping action between the said edgeand the surface f will not be obtained.

It will be seen that by supporting the movable member E above thestationary member f of the breaker it is also in an accessible positionwhere it can be easily adjusted, that it tends to close by its ownweight when released, and that it closes with the movement of thepassing yarn or roving.

It will also be seen that by utilizing the rod F as one of the parts ofthe breaker and as a support for the other part the breakingpoint isbrought very near the tunnel and the rolls, which is of a materialadvantage in the operation of the device.

It will also be seen that by utilizing the rod F as a breaker-holdingdevice it becomes possible to easily attach the breaker to machines nowin use and a saving in construction is effected. We would here say,however, that while we prefer to use this rod as we have specified wewould not have it understood that our invention is limited to itsemployment, as, of course, an additional or auxiliary rod can beemployed in lieu of the rod F, when desired.

It will be seen that our breaker setting and operating as closely as itdoes to the tunnel and rolls can be used on frames where theroving-bobbins are close behind the rollerstand.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The tension of the threadpassing over the thread-guide O depresses the forward end of thethread-guide lever and causes its rear end to be elevated, raising withit the link e and swinging upward and open the breaker gate or sectionE. This allows the roving to pass unobstructed between the breaker andthe rod F. If, now, for any cause the thread becomes broken, or if itbecomes slackened so that it ceases to hold down the threadguide,thebreaker-gate E immediately swings down and grips the roving securelybetween its edge and the rod, as shown in Fig. 2, the forward movementof the feed-rolls then breaking the roving off and preventing the wasteof material and the clogging of the feed-rolls, which ordinarily followswhere no roving-breaker is used. 'When the attendant desires to piece upthe thread, it is only necessary to depress the thread-guide O by theuse of the finger, and the breaker-gate E is vers causes thebreaker-gates to be lifted before any strain is brought by thefeed-rolls upon the roving. The use of our device permits the entireabolition of hinged threadboards and permits also the operation ofspinning-frames without the usual kink-catchers, under-clearers, andother devices for preventing laps on the feed-rolls. It also enables thesame operator to attend a larger number of spindles and permits them tobe operated at a higher speed.

It will be understood that we do not broadly claim the abolition ofhinged thread-boards, as means for accomplishing this result are shownin the patent to Stell, No. 133,065, dated November 12, 1872.

It is desirable that the center of the threadguide 0 at the end of thethread-guide lever should be maintained in a central position over theend of the spindle, and to permit this to be done we have provided thelever with longitudinal movement by means of the plate 0 as abovespecified. We have also fixed its lateral movement by means of the openV-shaped guide I, into which the lever near its front end closes orregisters and by the sides of which when at the bottom of the notch itis prevented from being moved laterally from a central position. TheV-notch may be formed in the edge of an angle-plate which may beattached to the upper surface of the bed 0 or any extension therefrom,so as to extend upwardly or to a position to receive and hold the leverwhen in its lowest position and yet not impede its upward movement.

The angle-plate preferably is laterally adj ustable by means of slotsformed therein and clamping-screws passing through the plate.

We would say that to save machining and expense and also to permit thebreaker to be applied to machines already out, it is desirable that thelip or section 6 of the breaker E be extensible not only as a whole, butat times one end more than the other, and this is accomplished by theconstruction above specified.

It will be understood that the rod F and the yoke-seat of the bracketare castings and not machined, and consequently when the parts areassembled it often happens that the pivot holding the breaker is notparallel or in line with the rod, and by providing means for theextending of the breaker the machinework otherwise necessary to obtain aproper relation between its edge and the edge of the rod is avoided.

It will be understood that in spinningframes the tunnel has areciprocating movement, and that it is desirable that the breaker E haveas long a surface or edge to bear upon the rod F, as can be provided inview of the fact that it is also desirable to leave a space between oneend thereof and the next bracket through which the roving or yarn mayrun for a short time after the piecing up of a broken end.

It will be understood that when a thread breaks the thread-guide liftsand the breaker drops upon the roving, and in order to piece it up it isnecessary to depress the threadguide and raise the breaker. The operatorthen introduces the roving through the tunnel and rolls, releases thethread-guide, permittin g the breaker to drop upon the rod, and at thesame time hold the roving at one side of the breaker or in the spacebetween the edge above spoken of and the bracket. The operator then hasboth hands at liberty to piece up the broken end in the ordinary way.The thread or yarn is then inserted in the thread-guide C and the actionof the spindle causes the thread or yarn to automatically draw down thethread guide and lift the breaker, permitting the roving at one sidethereof to be automaticallydrawn beneath it.

It will also be understood that the breaker is not moved backwardly oraway from the rod F until after the piecing up has been accomplished andthe spindle is in operation, and that in order to piece up it isnecessary to draw the roving or thread around the side of the breakeruntil the rolls have fed enough to enable the piecing to be done.

Having thus fully described our invention, we claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States 1. In a spinning or twistingframe, the com bination with the drawing or feeding rolls, of a seriesof breaker-brackets, breaker-plates pivoted to said brackets, means foractuating said breaker-plates,and a rod back of said rolls common to andsupporting the said breakerbrackets and sections of which serve asstationary beds or jaws cooperating with said breaker-plates whichlatter serve as the movable jaws of the breakers, substantially as andfor the purposes described.

2. In a spinnin g or twisting frame, the combination of a rod common toand supporting a number of breaker-brackets sections of which rod serveas stationary beds or jaws in connection with breaker-plates, the saidbreakerbrackets attached to said rod, breaker-plates pivoted to saidbrackets and supported by them upon said rod, and means for adjustingthe lower edges of said breaker-plates to the said jaw orbed sections ofthe said rod, whereby the lower edge of each breaker-plate may beindependently adjusted and set to its companion working section or bedof the rod, and whereby the fitting of the breaker-pivots androd-surfaces, otherwise required for securing a proper relation betweenthe lower edges of the breaker-plates and the uppersurfaces of the rodis rendered unnecessary, as and for the purposes described.

3. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of the rod F,'aswinging breaker attached thereto to cooperate therewith, thethread-guide 0, its lever c pivoted at its inner end to the table or bedwhich supports the cap-bar stand, to provide the threadguide with alarge range of movement between the spindle d and the drawing and feedrolls B, and which moves the thread-guide out of line with the saidspindle (I when at its highest position, the said spindle (Z and drawingor feed rolls B, a connection between the said lever and the swingingbreaker, and an overbalancing-weight, as and for the purposes described.

4. In a machine of the character specified, the combination of the rod Fand the bracket G having the yoke g and fastening-screw and thepivot-rod 6 supported thereby, and the swinging gate or plate of thebreaker carried by said pivotrod, as and for the purposes described.

5. The combination of the rod F, the swinging gate or plate E suspendedabove the rod, the thread-guide lever c pivoted as described and bent toform a pivot, the integral extension 6 the loop a and weight-bearin gend a with the said weight adjustable on said end, and the link 6engaging at its lower end the said loop and being connected at its upperend with the swinging plate by a laterallyextending stud on its curvedend, the stud entering a hole in the ear upon the plate and permittingthe ear to turn thereon as the plate is swung from a horizontal toavert-ical posi tion, as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination in a spinning or twisting frame of the roller-stand,the tunnel, the rod F extending lengthwise of the frame back of theroller-stand and close to the tunnel and adapted to support a number ofbrackets and to form a part of the yarn or roving breaker, the saidbrackets, a pivot rod or rods carried or supported by thebrackets,breakerplates suspended from said pivot-rods and moving from araised to a vertical position, the thread-guide lever 0, one for eachswinging breaker-plate, pivoted above the bed 0, as specified, andconnected by links 6 with the said breaker-plates, andoverbalancingweights, as and for the purposes described.

7. The combination of the thread-guide lever 0 and a centering devicecomprising a plate having an open V-shaped notch attached to the bed Cor an extension therefrom, and into which the thread-guide lever isadapted to be drawn and held by the tension of the thread thereon andwhich when so held is prevented from lateral movement from a centralposition over the spindle, substantially as described.

8. In a spinning or twisting frame, the combination of a rod or support,a bracket attached thereto andhaving a pivot extending from each sidethereof, and a breaker-plate IIO carried by each pivot, the lower edgeof each of which plates comes in contact with the surface of said rod orsupport, whereby said rod or support furnishes a bed or section of 5 thebreaker, and whereby also two breakerplates are simultaneouslyattachable to the rod or support by a common holding-bracket,

as and for the purposes described.

9. In a spinning or twisting frame, as a IO means of mountingbreaker-plates in pairs, a

bracket adapted to be secured to a support, and having extended fromeach side thereof a pivot or supporting rod, upon each of which abreaker-plate is mounted, as and for the purposes described.

HENRY D. MARTIN. JAMES P. TOLMAN. In presence of- F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J.M. DOLAN.

